Augmented Reality with Deep Learning in Smart Education: A Survey of Advances and Challenges

Abstract

AR has transformed immersion and interactivity in the learning process so that students could learn outside of the four classroom walls. Deep learning is helping make AR applications smarter and responsive and personalized. Deep learning allows an AR system to recognize objects in real time, detect gestures and create responsive content, to learn and interact more with students and become more responsive to student needs. In the context of AR and deep learning integrated into smart education, students and educators will be able to access dynamic tools to visualize abstract concepts and simulate experiments and to build collaborative online spaces. The current paper presents a systematic review of the advances and challenges in the incorporation of AR and deep learning into the models of smart education. It addresses already available applications of virtual laboratories and anatomy simulation and language learning and STEM-based training. The use of technological enablers such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to recognize images, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to dissect speech, and generative adversarial networks (GANs) to create fake educational content are also discussed. Despite these promising perspectives of AR with deep learning in education, several difficulties remain. These include the issue of hardware independence, information privacy, explainability of models, and the digital divide between access to resource education and restricted resources education. This paper recommends that such challenges must be overcome so that access to and the adoption of such technologies can be made fair. Transparent AR learning environments, lightweight models on mobile devices, and AR platform global education can be considered as future research directions. This paper concludes, based on literature and application review, that AR with deep learning has the potential to radically transform smart education through enhanced engagement, inclusivity and learning outcomes.