AARTI AHIRWAR; RITU TANDON. The Evolution of OCR-Free Visual Document Understanding: From Heuristic OCR to End-to-End Multimodal Transformers. International Journal of Research and Review in Applied Science, Humanities, and Technology, [S. l.], v. 3, n. 2, p. 85–93, 2026. DOI: 10.71143/gaza7e33. Disponível em: https://ijrasht.com/index.php/files/article/view/287. Acesso em: 1 may. 2026.